Prometheus+Grafana学习(一) 监控springboot应用

news/2024/5/19 2:02:50 标签: spring boot, prometheus, grafana, springboot监控

文章目录

  • 前言
  • 一、SpringBoot配置
    • 1.修改springboot工程
    • 2.测试springboot提供监控
  • 二、部署Prometheus
  • 三、部署Grafana


前言

Prometheus是一个根据应用的metrics来进行监控的开源工具。相信很多工程都在使用它来进行监控,有关详细介绍可以查看官网:https://prometheus.io/docs/introduction/overview/。
Grafana是一个开源监控利器,官网地址:https://grafana.com/。

一、SpringBoot配置

1.修改springboot工程

引入依赖
maven:

<dependency>
  <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
  <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId>
</dependency>

gradle:

api group: 'io.micrometer', name: 'micrometer-registry-prometheus'

在application.properties中开启Actuator

management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
# 或者
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=prometheus

2.测试springboot提供监控

访问访问http://192.168.100.88:7901/demo/actuator/prometheus
在这里插入图片描述

二、部署Prometheus

为了简单,这里使用docker部署

1.安装docker

如果安装过了,跳过,这里以centos7中安装20版本为例

# 查看已安装docker
yum list installed | grep  docker
rpm -qa | grep  docker

# 卸载旧版本(如果之前安装过的话)
yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

# 安装所需的软件包。
# yum-utils 提供了 yum-config-manager 
# 并且 device mapper 存储驱动程序需要 device-mapper-persistent-data 和 lvm2
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

# 设置yum安装源
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

# 查看可用版本有哪些
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

# 安装
yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# yum install -y docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli-<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io

# 启动 Docker 并设置开机自启
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker

2.下载docker镜像

docker pull prome/prometheus:v2.32.1

prometheus_89">3. 编写prometheus配置文件

prometheus.yml:

scrape_configs:
# 可随意指定
- job_name: 'spring'
  # 多久采集一次数据
  scrape_interval: 15s
  # 采集时的超时时间
  scrape_timeout: 10s
  # 采集的路径
  metrics_path: ' <此处修改为springboot项目的context-path>/actuator/prometheus'
  # 采集服务的地址,设置成Springboot应用所在服务器的具体地址
  static_configs:
  - targets: ['192.168.100.88:7901']

prometheus_107">4. 启动prometheus

假设配置文件在/opt/prometheus下,启动docker:

docker run -d -p 9090:9090 -v /opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prome/prometheus:v2.32.1 --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml

prometheus_113">5. 测试prometheus

测试地址:http://172.16.10.171:9090/
随便输入一个访问actuator/prometheus页面出现的指标,如jvm_gc_live_data_size_bytes,如下图所示:
在这里插入图片描述

三、部署Grafana

Grafana是一个开源的度量分析与可视化套件,纯JavaScript开发的前端工具,通过访问库(如InfluxDB),展示自定义报表、显示图表等。它的UI十分灵活,有丰富的插件和模板,功能强大。一般用在时序数据的监控方面。

grafana_120">1. 下载grafana镜像

docker pull grafana/grafana:8.3.3

grafana_125">2. 运行grafana

docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana:8.3.3

grafana_130">3. 测试访问grafana

访问http://172.16.10.171:3000,默认用户名和密码为admin/admin
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

prometheus_135">4. 关联prometheus

4.1. 添加数据源

在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述

4.2. 使用模板

很多优秀的模板可以在https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/查找。这里使用springboot的模板地址为:https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/15425。
将JSON下载下来
在这里插入图片描述
将JSON文件导入
在这里插入图片描述
在这里插入图片描述
效果:
在这里插入图片描述
可以对JSON文件汉化,
汉化后效果:
在这里插入图片描述

4.3. 附汉化后模板JSON

{
  "__inputs": [
    {
      "name": "DS_PROMETHEUS",
      "label": "Prometheus",
      "description": "",
      "type": "datasource",
      "pluginId": "prometheus",
      "pluginName": "Prometheus"
    }
  ],
  "__requires": [
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "gauge",
      "name": "Gauge",
      "version": ""
    },
    {
      "type": "grafana",
      "id": "grafana",
      "name": "Grafana",
      "version": "8.1.6"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "graph",
      "name": "Graph (old)",
      "version": ""
    },
    {
      "type": "datasource",
      "id": "prometheus",
      "name": "Prometheus",
      "version": "1.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "panel",
      "id": "stat",
      "name": "Stat",
      "version": ""
    }
  ],
  "annotations": {
    "list": [
      {
        "builtIn": 1,
        "datasource": "-- Grafana --",
        "enable": true,
        "hide": true,
        "iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)",
        "name": "Annotations & Alerts",
        "target": {
          "limit": 100,
          "matchAny": false,
          "tags": [],
          "type": "dashboard"
        },
        "type": "dashboard"
      }
    ]
  },
  "description": "Dashboard for Spring Boot2 Statistics(by micrometer-prometheus).This is a fork of dashboard 6756, fixed for Spring Boot 2.3 and support for Jetty instead of Tomcat.",
  "editable": true,
  "gnetId": 15425,
  "graphTooltip": 0,
  "id": null,
  "iteration": 1640100026380,
  "links": [],
  "panels": [
    {
      "collapsed": false,
      "datasource": null,
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {},
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 0
      },
      "id": 54,
      "panels": [],
      "title": "基本信息",
      "type": "row"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "decimals": 1,
          "mappings": [
            {
              "options": {
                "match": "null",
                "result": {
                  "text": "N/A"
                }
              },
              "type": "special"
            }
          ],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 80
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "s"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 3,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 52,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "none",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "horizontal",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "text": {},
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "process_uptime_seconds{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "metric": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 14400
        }
      ],
      "title": "运行时间",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "decimals": 1,
          "mappings": [
            {
              "options": {
                "match": "null",
                "result": {
                  "text": "N/A"
                }
              },
              "type": "special"
            }
          ],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                "value": 70
              },
              {
                "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                "value": 90
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "percent"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 6,
        "w": 5,
        "x": 6,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 58,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "horizontal",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true,
        "text": {}
      },
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "sum(jvm_memory_used_bytes{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\", area=\"heap\"})*100/sum(jvm_memory_max_bytes{application=\"$application\",instance=\"$instance\", area=\"heap\"})",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 14400
        }
      ],
      "title": "堆内存使用率",
      "type": "gauge"
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "decimals": 1,
          "mappings": [
            {
              "options": {
                "match": "null",
                "result": {
                  "text": "N/A"
                }
              },
              "type": "special"
            },
            {
              "options": {
                "from": -1e+32,
                "result": {
                  "text": "N/A"
                },
                "to": 0
              },
              "type": "range"
            }
          ],
          "max": 100,
          "min": 0,
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "rgba(50, 172, 45, 0.97)",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "rgba(237, 129, 40, 0.89)",
                "value": 70
              },
              {
                "color": "rgba(245, 54, 54, 0.9)",
                "value": 90
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "percent"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 6,
        "w": 5,
        "x": 11,
        "y": 1
      },
      "id": 60,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "options": {
        "orientation": "horizontal",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "showThresholdLabels": false,
        "showThresholdMarkers": true,
        "text": {}
      },
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "sum(jvm_memory_used_bytes{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\", area=\"nonheap\"})*100/sum(jvm_memory_max_bytes{application=\"$application\",instance=\"$instance\", area=\"nonheap\"})",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 14400
        }
      ],
      "title": "非堆内存使用率",
      "type": "gauge"
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "links": []
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "fill": 1,
      "fillGradient": 0,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 6,
        "w": 8,
        "x": 16,
        "y": 1
      },
      "hiddenSeries": false,
      "id": 66,
      "legend": {
        "avg": false,
        "current": false,
        "max": false,
        "min": false,
        "show": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": false
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 1,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "options": {
        "alertThreshold": true
      },
      "percentage": false,
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "process_files_open{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "Open Files",
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "expr": "process_files_max{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "Max Files",
          "refId": "B"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "Process Open Files",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "locale",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "cacheTimeout": null,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "color": {
            "mode": "thresholds"
          },
          "mappings": [
            {
              "options": {
                "match": "null",
                "result": {
                  "text": "N/A"
                }
              },
              "type": "special"
            }
          ],
          "thresholds": {
            "mode": "absolute",
            "steps": [
              {
                "color": "green",
                "value": null
              },
              {
                "color": "red",
                "value": 80
              }
            ]
          },
          "unit": "dateTimeAsIso"
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 3,
        "w": 6,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 4
      },
      "id": 56,
      "interval": null,
      "links": [],
      "maxDataPoints": 100,
      "options": {
        "colorMode": "value",
        "graphMode": "none",
        "justifyMode": "auto",
        "orientation": "horizontal",
        "reduceOptions": {
          "calcs": [
            "lastNotNull"
          ],
          "fields": "",
          "values": false
        },
        "text": {},
        "textMode": "auto"
      },
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "process_start_time_seconds{application=\"$application\", instance=\"$instance\"}*1000",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 2,
          "legendFormat": "",
          "metric": "",
          "refId": "A",
          "step": 14400
        }
      ],
      "title": "启动时间",
      "type": "stat"
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "links": []
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "fill": 1,
      "fillGradient": 0,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 7
      },
      "hiddenSeries": false,
      "id": 95,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": true,
        "current": true,
        "max": true,
        "min": true,
        "show": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 1,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "options": {
        "alertThreshold": true
      },
      "percentage": false,
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "system_cpu_usage{instance=\"$instance\", application=\"$application\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "系统CPU使用率",
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "expr": "process_cpu_usage{instance=\"$instance\", application=\"$application\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "进程CPU使用率",
          "refId": "B"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "CPU使用率",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "links": []
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "fill": 1,
      "fillGradient": 0,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 7,
        "w": 12,
        "x": 12,
        "y": 7
      },
      "hiddenSeries": false,
      "id": 96,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": true,
        "current": true,
        "max": true,
        "min": true,
        "show": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 1,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "options": {
        "alertThreshold": true
      },
      "percentage": false,
      "pluginVersion": "8.1.6",
      "pointradius": 5,
      "points": false,
      "renderer": "flot",
      "seriesOverrides": [],
      "spaceLength": 10,
      "stack": false,
      "steppedLine": false,
      "targets": [
        {
          "expr": "system_load_average_1m{instance=\"$instance\", application=\"$application\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "Load Average [1m]",
          "refId": "A"
        },
        {
          "expr": "system_cpu_count{instance=\"$instance\", application=\"$application\"}",
          "format": "time_series",
          "intervalFactor": 1,
          "legendFormat": "CPU核心数",
          "refId": "B"
        }
      ],
      "thresholds": [],
      "timeFrom": null,
      "timeRegions": [],
      "timeShift": null,
      "title": "CPU负载",
      "tooltip": {
        "shared": true,
        "sort": 0,
        "value_type": "individual"
      },
      "type": "graph",
      "xaxis": {
        "buckets": null,
        "mode": "time",
        "name": null,
        "show": true,
        "values": []
      },
      "yaxes": [
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        },
        {
          "format": "short",
          "label": null,
          "logBase": 1,
          "max": null,
          "min": null,
          "show": true
        }
      ],
      "yaxis": {
        "align": false,
        "alignLevel": null
      }
    },
    {
      "collapsed": false,
      "datasource": null,
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {},
        "overrides": []
      },
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 1,
        "w": 24,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 14
      },
      "id": 48,
      "panels": [],
      "title": "JVM-内存",
      "type": "row"
    },
    {
      "aliasColors": {},
      "bars": false,
      "dashLength": 10,
      "dashes": false,
      "datasource": "${DS_PROMETHEUS}",
      "fieldConfig": {
        "defaults": {
          "links": []
        },
        "overrides": []
      },
      "fill": 1,
      "fillGradient": 0,
      "gridPos": {
        "h": 8,
        "w": 8,
        "x": 0,
        "y": 15
      },
      "hiddenSeries": false,
      "id": 85,
      "legend": {
        "alignAsTable": true,
        "avg": true,
        "current": true,
        "max": true,
        "min": true,
        "show": true,
        "total": false,
        "values": true
      },
      "lines": true,
      "linewidth": 1,
      "links": [],
      "nullPointMode": "null",
      "options": {
        "alertThreshold": true
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